Testing Electroweak Theory and Short Baseline Anomalies with Neutrinos
Palabras clave:
Prueba, Teoría, Anomalía, NeutrinosSinopsis
Al leer este libro, el lector conocerá la extraordinaria historia de una de las partículas fundamentales que componen nuestro universo: el neutrino. Los lectores comprenderán cómo el estudio teórico y experimental de las interacciones de los neutrinos con la materia ha sido de gran importancia para establecer la teoría electrodébil, que describe la fuerza electromagnética y la fuerza débil, y comprenderán las propiedades de los neutrinos.
Una vez que hayamos establecido las bases del Modelo Estándar Electrodébil, continuaremos estudiando la dispersión de neutrinos y electrones a bajas energías. Esta investigación nos permitirá investigar uno de los parámetros fundamentales del Modelo Estándar Electrodébil, el ángulo de mezcla débil. Históricamente, el análisis de las interacciones de los neutrinos con la materia desde una perspectiva cuantitativa (realizando un recuento total de las interacciones de los neutrinos y/o un recuento parcial por intervalo de energía) ha llevado al descubrimiento del fenómeno de las oscilaciones de los neutrinos.
Este fenómeno constituye la primera evidencia directa de una nueva física más allá del Modelo Estándar de partículas elementales, al menos en su versión mínima. Veremos que el fenómeno de las oscilaciones de neutrinos (el cambio en el estado de interacción de los neutrinos con la materia durante su propagación) puede explicarse porque los neutrinos son partículas masivas y los estados de interacción son una superposición de estados con un estado definido. masa.
Paralelamente a la consolidación del modelo de oscilación de tres neutrinos activos, hoy en día hay una serie de anomalías en los experimentos de oscilación de neutrinos que son posibles indicios de fenómenos oscilatorios que involucran una nueva partícula que debe ser un nuevo neutrino masivo con las páginas de este libro. presentaremos estas anomalías y acercarse a ellos, teniendo en cuenta la anomalía del galio observada experimentalmente y la anomalía del reactor.
El análisis de datos experimentales en busca de parámetros relacionados con interacciones débiles o parámetros relacionados con nueva física se realiza utilizando herramientas estadísticas. Por ello, a través de las páginas de este libro, el lector conocerá las herramientas necesarias para realizar análisis estadísticos que nos permitirán realizar pruebas de precisión dentro del Modelo Estándar y profundizar en el estudio de las propiedades del neutrino. Por ejemplo, aprenderemos a realizar análisis estadísticos que nos permitirán obtener límites al ángulo de mezcla débil con la ayuda de los resultados experimentales de la dispersión electron-neutrino, y aprenderemos a realizar el análisis estadístico de la anomalía del Galio y la anomalía del reactor para poner límites a la posible nueva división de masa ∆m2 y a los nuevos ángulos de mezcla.
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